Plants and industrial facilities emitted by carbon dioxide, the primary management program of global warming, hoping for Congress to retain tax credits to capture gas and storage deep in the underworld.
The process, which is called capture and carbon sequestration, many believe that a much important way to reduce pollution during transition to renewable export energy.
But it faces criticism of some conservatives, who say it is expensive and unnecessarily from the ecological environmental consistently failed To capture as many pollution as it is promised and is a simple way to producers of fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal continue their use.
Here’s a closer look: How does the process work?
Carbon dioxide is gas produced by burning fossil fuels. The traps are heat close to the ground when it is released in the atmosphere, where it is still hundreds of years and raises global temperatures.
Industry and power plants can install equipment to separate carbon dioxide from other gases before leaving the chimney. Then the carbon compresses and delivers – usually through the pipeline – to the location where the deep underground is injected for long-term storage.
Carbon can also be captured directly from the atmosphere using a gigantic vacuum. It was trapped once, it was dissolved with chemicals or trapped solid material.
Lauren read, a senior vice president in BKV Corp., who built the company injected by a high pressure carbon, forcing it almost two miles below the surface and in geological formations that can keep him thousands of years.
In the carbon, it can be stored in a deep physiological solution or basalts and non-concrete carcals. But about three-fourths of trapped carbon dioxide oils on oil fields that helps pull out tough reserve – which means that it is not kept permanently, according to the International Energy Agency and the American Environmental Protection Agency.
The most commonly used technology allows objects to catch and store about 60% of their carbon dioxide emissions during the production process. Everything above that assessment is much harder and expensive, according to IEA.
Some companies have an intended carbon capture rates of 90% or more, “in practice it never happened,” said Aleksandra Shaikevich, research manager in oil and gas gas oil and gas for the environment.
This is because it is difficult to catch carbon dioxide from each point in which the Grant Huuber, the Strategic Adviser for Energy and Financial Markets in the energy and financial analysis economy.
Ecology also lists potential problems that keep it in the country. For example, last year, Archer-Daniels-Midland has revealed a leakage about a mile underground in their storage and carbon storage, which has banned state-owned and carbon sequestration, an important source of drinking water for about a million people.
Carbon capture can be used to reduce emissions from severely breaking industry such as cement and steel, but many environmentalists oppose it is less useful when it expands the use of coal, oil and gas.
A 2021 study It also found that the process of catching carbon emits significant amounts of methane, severe glass gas, which is shorter than carbon dioxide, but a trap more than 80 times more heat. This happens through leakage when the gas is brought to the surface and transported to plants.
About 45 carbon capture associations worked in the commercial scale last year, capture of a combined 50 million metric tons of carbon dioxide – a tiny faction 37.8 Gigotons of Carbon Dioxide emissions From the energy sector itself, according to IEA.
It is an even small share of all greenhouse gas emissions, which compared to 5323 it amounted to 5323 Last report From the European Commission’s emissions database for the global research of atmospheric research.
The Institute of Energy Economy and Financial Analysis says one of the largest storage projects in the world, only about half of its carbon dioxide is recorded, and most are selling in oil and gas companies the most. Tax credits vague
Although so, catching carbon is an important means of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, especially in heavy industries, Sangeet Nepal, a technologically specialist in the coalition for catching carbon.
“It’s not a replacement for renewable sources … It’s just complementary technology,” Nepal said. “It’s a piece of puzzle in this wide fight against climate change.”
Experts say that many projects, including the proposed ammonia and hydrogen, will probably not be built without tax credits, which is the CEO Carbobon Capture executive director Jessie Stolark already guided by significant investments and is crucial global competitiveness.
They remain in the draft law on the reconciliation of the Senate Finance Committee, after the second version lasted,, although the coalition of catchment of carbon said that inflation has already reduced their value and could limit the projects.
